When the sclerites of the prothorax extend around the front coxae,these coxal cavities are said to be“closed";当前胸骨片包围前足基 节时，该基节窝称为闭式 When the sclerite immediately behind the front coxae is a sclerite of the mesothorax, these cavities are said to be“open”,若前足基 节窝的后方紧接的是中胸骨片时，该基节窝称 为开式
❖ When the sclerites of the prothorax extend around the front coxae, these coxal cavities are said to be “closed”;当前胸骨片包围前足基 节时，该基节窝称为闭式 ❖ When the sclerite immediately behind the front coxae is a sclerite of the mesothorax, these cavities are said to be “open”.若前足基 节窝的后方紧接的是中胸骨片时，该基节窝称 为开式
4、Leg characters The number and relative size and shape {.0之 of the tarsal segments are very important characters for the identification. The number of tarsal segments in most beetles varies from three to five. ÷It is usually the same on all tarsi
❖ The number and relative size and shape of the tarsal segments are very important characters for the identification. ❖ The number of tarsal segments in most beetles varies from three to five. ❖ It is usually the same on all tarsi. 4、Leg characters
If the tarsi of a beetle appear to be four- segmented and the third segment is relatively large and more or less U- shaped,they are generally five- segmented,with the fourth segment very small. If the tarsi appear to be four-segmented and the third segment is slender and not greatly different from the terminal segment,then they either are actually four-segmented or are five-segmented with the basal segment very small
❖ If the tarsi of a beetle appear to be foursegmented and the third segment is relatively large and more or less Ushaped, they are generally fivesegmented, with the fourth segment very small. ❖ If the tarsi appear to be four-segmented and the third segment is slender and not greatly different from the terminal segment, then they either are actually four-segmented or are five-segmented with the basal segment very small
5、wing The elytra normally meet in a straight line down the middle of the body;this line of union of the elytra is called the suture. The suture extend to the tips of the elytra The tips may be slightly separated Shape of elytra are different Elytra of family staphylinidae,which cover only the first few abdominal segments Elytra dome-shaped
5、wing ❖ The elytra normally meet in a straight line down the middle of the body; this line of union of the elytra is called the suture. ❖The suture extend to the tips of the elytra ❖The tips may be slightly separated ❖ Shape of elytra are different ❖ Elytra of family staphylinidae，which cover only the first few abdominal segments ❖ Elytra dome-shaped
Hindwing membranous,vein are reduced; Can be classified into 3 groups: ó肉食甲型：M和Cu间有1-2条横脉形成1个小闭室 6萤甲型：M和Cu在端部愈合形成1个明显的环 6隐翅甲型：无横脉，M和Cu游离
❖ Hindwing membranous, vein are reduced; ❖ Can be classified into 3 groups: 肉食甲型：M和Cu间有1-2条横脉形成1个小闭室 萤甲型：M和Cu在端部愈合形成1个明显的环 隐翅甲型：无横脉，M和Cu游离