Muscles: Effectors of the Motor System The sensorimotor cortex is at the top of the chain of command in the sensorimotor area of the cerebral cortex. There is a specialized area in the cerebral cortex devoted to movement of the limbs(1691, the case of a knight with a fractured skull and paralysis of the left side of the body The fraction of the cerebral cortex controlling each part of the body is by no means proportional to the size of that part If the cerebral cortex is removed, the animal continues to display all the locomotion reflexes but cannot learn new skills Basal ganglia are a set of specialized nerve cells in the brain stem Cerebellum is a major focus of incoming sensory information. The information reaching the cerebellum has to do with length, force, velocity of muscles and position of joints Optimization principles in motor Control
Muscles: Effectors of the Motor System • The s e n sorimotor cortex is at the top of the chain of command in the sensorimotor area of the cerebral cortex. There is a s pecialized area in the cerebral cortex devot ed to movement of the limbs (1691, the case of a knight with a fractured skull and paralysis of the left sid e of the bo dy) – The fraction of the cer e b ral co rtex contr olling each part of the body is by no m eans proportional to the size of that part – If the cerebral cortex is r e moved, the ani mal continues to display all the loco m otion r eflexes, but cannot learn new skills • Basal ganglia are a s e t of s pecialized nerve cells in the brain stem. • Cerebellum is a major focus of incoming sensory information. The information reaching the c e r ebellum h a s to d o with length, force, velocity of m u s cles and position of joints. O ptimization Princi ples in M otor Co ntrol 11
On models and other demons What do you think of the following quotes? If a kinematic objective function can be found that leads to optimal trajectories that accurately reproduce the patterns of observed behavior,it implies that the brain ignores non-kinematic factors in selecting and reproducing that behavior If a dynamic objective function can be found that leads to optimal trajectories that accurately reproduce the patterns of observed behavior, it implies that the brain considers dynamic factors in selecting and reproducing that behavior Optimization principles in motor Control
On Models and Other Demons What do you think of the following quotes? • “If a kinematic objective function can be found that leads to optimal trajectories that accurately reproduce the patterns of observed behavior, it implies that the brain ignores non-kinematic factors in selecting and reproducing that behavior” • “If a dynamic objective function can be found that leads to optimal trajectories that accurately reproduce the patterns of observed behavior, it implies that the brain considers dynamic factors in selecting and reproducing that behavior” Optimization Principles in Motor Control 12