Cancer: The bottom line n animals, cell numbers are under exquisite control Loss of this control leads to proliferation of unwanted cells a Cancer arises when the above situation reaches a certain degree
Cancer: The Bottom Line In animals, cell numbers are under exquisite control Loss of this control leads to proliferation of unwanted cells Cancer arises when the above situation reaches a certain degree
Cancer vs tumor a Cancer cells are malignant tumor(vs benign tumor)cells a All cancer cells are eventually capable of metastasis
Cancer vs Tumor Cancer cells are malignant tumor (vs. benign tumor) cells All cancer cells are eventually capable of metastasis
Tissue Culture Systems ■ Primary Cell Cultures a Secondary Cell Strains Continuous cell lines
Tissue Culture Systems Primary Cell Cultures Secondary Cell Strains Continuous Cell Lines
Transformed cells ■ Reduced cell adhesion 1 Round-up morphology I Reduced serum requirements 1 Elevated hexose uptake 1 Anchorage-independent growth(ability to grow in semi-solid media, soft agar 1 Loss of density-dependent growth inhibition “ Contact Inhibition”) 1 Secretion of plasminogen activator 1 Capable of forming tumor in appropriete setting
Transformed Cells Reduced cell adhesion Round-up morphology Reduced serum requirements Elevated hexose uptake Anchorage-independent growth (ability to grow in semi-solid media,soft agar Loss of density-dependent growth inhibition (“Contact Inhibition”) Secretion of plasminogen activator Capable of forming tumor in appropriete setting
Causes of cancer Generalizations a Spontaneous genetic mutations Inherited cancer susceptibilities a Carcinogenic substances ■ Viruses ■ Radiation
Causes of Cancer Generalizations Spontaneous genetic mutations Inherited cancer susceptibilities Carcinogenic substances Viruses Radiation