北美大停电 影响区域： NE USA(8 States) Canada(2 Provinces) 人口： 50 million 输电网： 54,000km(34,000 miles) 发电机： 290 units 负荷： 61,800MW 恢复时间： 1 day to New York City 2 days to Detroit Other parts,up to 4 days 损失： U.S..$4-10 billion Canada,$2.3 billion(Canadian)
北美大停电 影响区域: NE USA (8 States) Canada (2 Provinces) 人口: 50 million 输电网: 54,000 km (34,000 miles) 发电机: 290 units 负荷: 61,800 MW 恢复时间: 1 day to New York City 2 days to Detroit Other parts, up to 4 days 损失: U.S., $4 – 10 billion Canada, $2.3 billion (Canadian)
北美大停电 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 Phase 1: Phase 2: Phase 3: Phase 4: A normal afternoon FE's computer FE 345 kV line Collapse of degrades failures failures 138 kV system 12:15-14:14 14:14-15:59 15:05-15:57 15:39-16:08 1331 1539 1542om Eastlake 5 14:02 First FE 138 kV 15 more FE trips Stuari-Allanta 1427 1532 line fails 138 kV lines fal 345 kV fails (tree) Star-S Canton Hanna-Juniper 345 kV trips 1541 345 kV fails (tree) 16:05 recloses (tree) 1505 Star-S Canton Sammis-Star Harding-Chamberlin 345 kV fals (tree) 345 kV line 345 kV fails (tree) fails 1414 1441 15.08 1215 FE EMS FE primary FE primary MISOSE alarms fail EMS server EMS server 15461559 problems 1402 restarts begin Stuart-Atlanta 1420 FE IT rebooting H4,H1 FE loses half 1454 345 kV line trip confuses its remote FE back-up El MISO SE consoles erver fails 1432 1519 1536 1545 1546 1556 AEP again calls MISO calls FE AEP calls FE PJM calls FE squang uewnH AEP cals FE FE says re:Star-S FE re:Star-S re:Star-Juniper re:multiple system re:Star-South Canton trip Canton Ine overloads could fail Canton 1542 1432 1535 FE operator 15:48 1557 FE EMS AEP PJM tells IT FE manning FE calls MISO doesn't update work T几LR alarms out substations re:line outages
北美大停电
北美大停甩 ● 14:14 Alarm logger fails and operators are not aware No further alarms to FE operators ●14：20 Several remote consoles fail 14:41 EMS server hosting alarm processor and other functions fails to backup ●14：54 Backup server fails n EMS continues to function but with very degraded performance (59 second refresh) FE system data passed normally to others:MISO and AEP .AGC function degraded and strip charts flat-lined 15:08 IT warm reboot of EMS appears to work but alarm process not tested and still in failed condition ● No contingency analysis of events during the day including loss of East Lake 5 and subsequent line trips
北美大停电
士百四 Cause 1 Cause 2 Inadequate Inadequate System Situational Understanding Awareness Cause 3 Cause 4 Inadequate Inadequate Tree RC Diagnostic Trimming Support
大停电原因
北美历史上的大停电 11.9.1965 Northeast 7.13,1977 New York City 12.22,1982 -West Coast 7.2-3,1996 West Coast 8.10,1996 -West Coast 6.25,1998-MAPP
北美历史上的大停电 v 11. 9, 1965 – Northeast v 7.13, 1977 – New York City v 12.22, 1982 – West Coast v 7.2-3, 1996 – West Coast v 8.10, 1996 – West Coast v 6.25, 1998 – MAPP