第一部分:本课程的基本要求内容,包括环境 的基本概念、环境问题的产生与发展、全球环境问题等; 第二部分:本课程的重点要求内容,包括生态学基础,水、气、土、声、渣等污染物的污染机理,重点污染指标,以及污染治理技术以及环境监测等; 第三部分:本课程的扩展内容,包括人口问题、粮食问题、能源问题、资源问题等

第一节水环境概论 第二节水体与水体污染 第三节水体主要污染物及其危害 第四节水体污染与自净 第五节水环境污染控制及其管理

two -Server- Hypercube” Queueing Model Distinguishable servers Different workloads(due to geography) Can appear with or without queueing With-- usually FCFS Without--usually means a backup contract service is in place

Outline Background and Definitions Shortest path Minimum spanning tree Introduction to Travelling Salesman Problem and Chinese Postman Problem

Ambulance always returns home with each service; standard M/G/1 applies a But suppose we have an emergency repair vehicle that travels directly from one customer to the next?

Single Tree center problem G is a tree. e i=1. 2..m are the end vertices

There Are Three Things Important When Buying a House: Location Location Location

Birth-and-Death Queuing Systems 1. m parallel, identical servers. 2. Infinite queue capacity. 3. Whenever users are in system (in queue plus in service) arrivals are Poisson at rate of an per unit of time. 4. Whenever n users are in system, service completions are Poisson at rate of un per unit of time. 5. FCFS discipline

Lecture Outline M/M/1: finite system capacity, K M/M/m: finite system capacity, K M/M/m: finite system capacity, K=m Related observations and extensions M/E,/1 example M/G/1: epochs and transition probabilities M/G/1: derivation of L Why M/G/m, G/G/1, etc. are difficult

Lecture Outline A fundamental result for queuing networks State transition diagrams for Markovian queuing systems and networks: example Analysis of systems with dynamic demand and service rates Qualitative behavior of dynamic systems