概述 2-1流体输送概述 气体的输送和压缩,主要用鼓风机和压缩机。 液体的输送,主要用离心泵、漩涡泵、往复泵固体的输送,特别是粉粒状固体,可采用流态化的方法使气固两相形成液体状物流, 然后输送,即气力输送。 流体输送在化工中用处十分广泛,有化工厂的地方,就有流体输送。 流体输送机械主要分为三大类: (1)离心式。靠离心力作用于流体,达到输送物料的目的。有离心泵、多级离心泵、 离心鼓风机、离心通风机、离心压缩机等。 (2)正位移式。靠机械推动流体,达到输送流体的目的。有往复泵、齿轮泵、螺杆泵、 罗茨风机、水环式真空泵、往复真空泵、气动隔膜泵、往复压缩机等 (3)离心一正位移式。既有离心力作用,又有机械推动作用的流体输送机械。有漩涡 泵、轴流泵、轴流风机。例如喷射泵属于流体作用输送机械

1流体流动现象 1-1由小区供水引出流体流动 某新建的居民小区,居民用水拟采用建水塔方案为居民楼供水,如图1-1所示。用泵将水送到高位水塔,水塔中的水源源不断的送到一、二、三楼的用户192、93这里引出三个问题:第一个问题是,为了保证一二、三楼有水,就要维持楼底水管中有一定的水压(60000Pa表压),为了维持这个表压,水塔应建多高?即图中的H=?

前言 《新世纪网络课程一化工基础》,不是电子书,是集文字、声音、动画于一体的多媒体 课件。该软件在内容上,有别于已出版教材的特点是: (1)公式推导详细,中文说明简练, 好像是一本数学书。 (2)例题数量多。对消化理论,十分有帮助。 (3)某些内容吸收了最 新研究论文的成果,知识深度、广度有所拓展。但是,该课件虽自成体系,但所列算图和 数据表格不够全面,仍需参考有关教材。所以,该课件与化工原理教材起到“互补”的作 用

HEAT EXCHANGER NETWORK SYNTHESIS 1: TARGETING OBJECTIVES: 1 Determine the minimum energy inputs required for a process 2Determine the minimum number of heat exchangers required to transfer this energy 3Develop a methodology for determining where these heat exchangers should be placed in the process

ESIGN METHODOLOGY III: RECYCLE STRUCTURE OF THE PROCESS goAL-- Determine alternate recycle structures for the process based on reactor operating requirements

BASIC LEVEL II DECISIONS Choice of reaction chemistry Choice of raw material feedstocks Determination of need for vapor recycle Evaluation of economic potential for process

MAJOR PROCESS TYPES CONTINUOUS STEADYSTATE- Used for world-scale production of commodity chemicals Large, centrally located plants BATCH Used for small-scale production of high value-added chemicals JIT MINIPLANT Used for on-site production of hazardous or difficult to transport chemicals Continuous Steady-State is the dominant process type

DESIGN METHODOLOGY goaL-- Produce design for chemical plant that: Is economically acceptable and Is operable,ie., eIs safe → Is controllable Is reliable,and Is environmentally acceptable

ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ESTIMATING THE PROFITABILITY OF A CHEMICAL PLANT Estimating Investment Estimating Cost of Production Profitability Evaluation Return on Investment (ROD) Payout time(Tpay) DCF Rate of Return(DCFROR) Transfer Price

ENGINEERING ECONOMICS II INVESTMENT ANALYSIS Companies(and individuals) invest money in order to earn money Examples Build a factory to make washing machines and dryers → Open laundromat Write novel(what is being invested here?) Get a degree in chemical engineering